Daah-furka Dichotomy: Sida Alumina iyo Zirconia Ceramics ay dib ugu cusboonaysiiyaan adkeysiga warshadaha oo leh hal-abuurnimo adag

Alumina iyo ceramics zirconia waa laba qalab oo horumarsan oo waara, iyo sifooyinkooda gaarka ah ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo aad ugu wanagsan codsiyada warshadaha. Nadiifinta dhoobada alumina (Al two O FOUR) waa 88-99.9%, taas oo maamusha dahaarka heerkulka sare iyo qaybaha xirashada. Dhanka kale, ceramics zirconia (ZrO TWO) waxay ku guuleysteen jabka adkaanta 3-4x ka sarreeya alumina iyada oo loo marayo xoojinta isbeddelka marxaladda, taas oo ah badbaadiyaha loogu talagalay dhejisyada biomedical iyo qalabka saxda ah ee kubbadda.

Alumina ceramics

Kala duwanaanshaha wax-soo-saarku wuxuu ka bilaabmaa isku-dhafka alaabta ceeriin. Alumina ceramics waxay isticmaashaa budada oksaydhka aluminium ee Bayer-ka-soo-saaray oo lagu shubay 1,600-1,800°C, taasoo keenaysa adkaanta Vickers 1,500-2,000 HV. Zirconia waxay u baahan tahay xasiliyayaal sida yttria (3Y-TZP) ama ceria (Ce-TZP) si looga hortago isbeddelka wejiga musiibada inta lagu jiro qaboojinta. Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha sida Shenzhen Hard Precision Ceramics Co., Ltd. hadda waxay bixiyaan budada zirconia diffraction-shahaadad leh oo leh D50 ≤ 0.5 μ m, kaas oo gaari kara cufnaanta 99.5% ka dib marka la isku daro 1450 ° C.  

Iska caabbinta shoogga kulaylka ayaa kala qaybisa khariidadaha tas-hiilaadka. Alumina's hoose ee balaadhinta kulaylka (8×10 ⁻⁶/ ° C vs. zirconia's 10.5 x10 ⁻⁶/ ° C) waxay ka dhigtaa mid ku habboon alaabta foornada iyo maaraynta birta dhalaalaysa. Si kastaba ha noqotee, heerkulka shaqada ee 1200 ° C + ee zirconia (marka la barbardhigo 1650 ° C alumina) ayaa ku filan taajajka afka, iyo 1200 MPa qalloocinta adag waxay ka hortagi kartaa microfracture ee cadaadiska occlusal. Baabuur-sameeyaha reer Japan ee Denso ayaa dhawaan u wareegay adeegsiga aluminium oxide-ku-xidhayaasha dahaarka, taasoo hoos u dhigaysa cilladaha shilalka hore ee matoorada turbocharged 73%.

ceramics Zirconia

Waxqabadka xidhashada ayaa muujinaya ganacsi kale. Alumina's 9 Mohs engegnaanta ayaa ka sarreeya zirconia 8.5, taas oo ka dhigaysa go-goynta matoorada dhuxusha. Laakiin zirconia's is-lubricating wejiga kala-guurka ee walaaca (tetragonal → monoclinic) waxay ku siinaysaa awoodda isku-dhafka wadajirka ah. Iibiyaha Kuuriyada Koonfureed Samhwa Ceramics 'ZTA (alumina-toughed alumina) hybrid hadda waxay u adeegtaa 38% baahida mesh shaashadda macdanta ee caalamiga ah, isku darka 15% zirconia matries alumina ah 30% nolol adeeg dheer.  

Guryaha korantada ayaa sii xadeynaya dhulkooda. Alumina 10¹⁴ Ω·cm mugga iska caabintu waxay kuxirantahay doorkeeda dahayeyaasha korantada sare ee xadhkaha gudbinta 500kV. Xakamaynta ion oksijiinta ee Zirconia oo ah 400-600°C (0.1 S/cm) ayaa ka dhigaysa mid aan lagu bedeli karin unugga shidaalka oksaydhka adag (SOFC) ee electrolytes. Guangdong Fenghua Tignoolajiyada Sare ee 8YSZ (8% yttria-stabilized zirconia) wafers ayaa hadda awood u leh 60% noocyada SOFC ee Shiinaha, iyaga oo gaaraya 0.15W/cm² at 750°C.  

Qaab dhismeedka qiimaha ayaa aad u kala duwan. Qaybaha dhoobada alumina waxay ku kacayaan $ 0.5-5 / gabal loogu talagalay qaababka caadiga ah, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay kaydka bauxite ee badan. Qiimaha Zirconia $20-200/Qiimaha gabalku waxa uu ka tarjumayaa soo saarista ciidda zircon naadir ah iyo tamar-dhaqaale ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, qaabaynta duritaanka biyaha ee cusub ee Zhengzhou Skyline Ceramics waxay yaraynaysaa wasakhda farsamaynta zirconia min 40% ilaa 12%, taasoo ka dhigaysa xidhidhiyaha ilkaha 18% ka jaban soo dejinta EU.  

Awoodaha dhamaystirka dusha sare waxay u janjeeraan dhanka zirconia. Qaab dhismeedkeeda hadhuudhka ah (0.2-0.5μm vs. alumina's 1-3μm) waxay u ogolaataa Ra 0.02μm muraayadda dhalaalaysa-muhiim u ah ferrules fiber indhaha. Alumina waxay ku magdhabisaa microholes-laser-ku qodan (dhexroorka 50μm) ee maraqyada waferka ee semiconductor. Shanghai Unipretec ee ugu dambeeyay 99.7% taarikada qaybinta gaaska alumina waxay gaadhay ± 1% dulqaadka dhexroorka daloolka guud ahaan 300mm wafers, hoos u dhigista cilladaha meelaynta filimka khafiifka ah 55%.  

Qaababka iska caabbinta miridhku aad bay u kala duwan yihiin. Alumina waxay ka hortagtaa asiidhka diirada saaraya (marka laga reebo HF) ilaa 1,000 ° C, iyada oo ilaalinaysa aaggeeda dahaarka kicinta kiimikada. Zirconia waxay qabtaa HCl ka sarreeya 200 ° C weli waxay u taagan tahay dhalada antacid-sababtan, inta jeer ee ay ku jirto cathodes unug elektrolysis ah oo khafiif ah. Aluminiumka weyn ee Canadian Rio Tinto Alcan hadda waxay isticmaashaa HC Starck's MgO-qeeyb xasiloon zirconia ee smelters, hoos u dhigista kala daadinta cathode 11% sanadkii.

Caqabadaha mashiinka ayaa kala saaraya labada. Jilicsanaanta alumina waxay u baahan tahay shiidid rubi ah, oo leh heerar xidhashada qalabka 3x in ka badan zirconia. Hase yeeshee xasillooni darrada wejiga zirconia oo dhan waxay yaraynaysaa baaqyada qaboojinta hawada ee cryogenic. Shenzhen MVP Warshadeynta ultrasonic-caawin-shiid kiimikaadka hadda waxay abuurtaa koojyada marawaxadaha marawaxadaha zirconia oo leh ± 5μm saxnaanta cabbirka, kala-barashada kala duwanaanshaha sii yaraanaya ka dib.

Muuqaallo habaysan ayaa qaabeeya qalooca korsashada. Alumina's GRAS (Guud ahaan loo aqoonsan yahay inay badbaado tahay) heerka FDA wuxuu awood u siinayaa rullaluistuyada heerka-cuntada ee mishiinnada ku shubaya shukulaatada. Zirconia waxay wajaheysaa baaris adag oo EU MDR 2017/745 ee beer-qaadaha sababtoo ah shucaaca heerka hoose ee suurtagalka ah - caqabad ay ka gudubtay Malaysia I-Berhad iyada oo loo sii marayo ISO 13356-shahaadad caafimaad zirconia oo leh <0.01 Bq/g U-238  

Hal-abuurnimada silsiladda sahayda ayaa dib u qaabaynaysa gelitaanka. Iibiyeyaasha aluminiumka sida Shandong Sinocera ayaa hadda bixiya 72-saacadood oo wax-ka-beddelid degdeg ah oo loogu talagalay qashinka caatada ah ee loo maro jetting-ka. Boobka saadka ee Zirconia wuxuu ka yimid Viglacera ee Vietnam, kaas oo kaydka bakhaarkiisa dekedda Ho Chi Minh 500+ horay loo sii diyaariyay "cagaaran" zirconia bannaan, taasoo u sahlaysa macaamiisha Aasiya inay gooyaan wakhtiyada rasaasta laga bilaabo 8 toddobaad ilaa 5 maalmood.  

Saamaynta deegaanka ayaa kala duwan. Wax soo saarka alumina wuxuu sii daayaa 1.8t CO₂ halkii ton vs. zirconia's 3.5t, laakiin zirconia's 5x cimriga dheer ee qalabka goynta ayaa tan ka dhigaysa. CeramTec ee Jarmalka ayaa hadda suuq geysa LCA-shahaadeysan alumina-zirconia warbaahinta shiida ee ka kooban CO₂ warshadda sibidhka 9% iyada oo 40% kaydka tamarta ee comminution.  

Military/aerospace waxay dalbanayaan xuduudaha la riixo. Gaashaanka EMI ee Alumina (60dB attenuation at 10GHz) waxay ilaalisaa hababka hagida gantaalada, halka cufnaanta 5.6g/cm³ zirconia (marka la barbar dhigo alumina's 3.9g/cm³) waxay awood u siinaysaa talooyinka saadaasha hubka-mudanaya. Barnaamijka F-35 ee Lockheed Martin wuxuu hadda ka helayaa 92% alumina radomes ee Kyocera, oo ka badbaaday shooga kuleylka Mach 1.6 iyada oo aan lahayn calaamado lumay.  

Mustaqbalku wuxuu ku jiraa nidaamyada isku-dhafan. NGK Insulators ALZIRCOR ™ (alumina-zirconia-carbon) ka samaysan ayaa u adkaysata 1,850 ° C tuyeerada foornada qaraxa, oo ka soo noolaata alumina saafi ah 8 bilood. Isla mar ahaantaana, Saint-Gobain's ZirPro ® miraha waxay isku daraan xoogga zirconia iyo xisaabta qiimaha alumina ee saxnaanta saxda ah ee daboolka taleefanka gacanta ee 5G.

Maaddaama waaxaha adduunku ay wajahayaan kor u kaca shaqada - laga bilaabo sahaminta saliidda qoto dheer ee badda ilaa isku-dhafka firfircoonida - is-waafajinta alumina-zirconia waxay bixisaa qaamuus wax soo saar naqshadeynta qarniga 21aad. Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha si fiican u yaqaan DNA-da ceramics-ka labadaba iyagoo hoos u dhigaya jaangooyooyinkooda xulashada waxay awood siin doonaan iibsadayaasha inay si sax ah ugu socdaan muuqaalkan kala-go'an.

Qeybiye

Haddii aad u baahan tahay tayo sare leh Alumina ceramics iyo ceramics Zirconia, fadlan xor u noqo inaad nala soo xidhiidho. Waxaad riixi kartaa alaabta si aad nala soo xiriirto. (sales8@nanotrun.com)

Tags: Alumina ceramics, ceramics Zirconia, aluminium